Modelica.Media.Examples

Demonstrate usage of property models

Information

Examples

Physical properties for fluids are needed in so many different variants that a library can only provide models for the most common situations. With the following examples we are going to demonstrate how to use the existing packages and functions in Modelica.Media to customize these models for advanced applications. The high level functions try to abstract as much as possible form the fact that different media are based on different variables, e.g., ideal gases need pressure and temperature, while many refrigerants are based on Helmholtz functions of density and temperature, and many water properties are based on pressure and specific enthalpy. Medium properties are needed in control volumes in the dynamic state equations and in many thermodynamic state locations that are independent of the dynamic states of a control volume, e.g., at a wall temperature, an isentropic reference state or at a phase boundary. The general structure of the library is such that:

Each medium has a model called BaseProperties. BaseProperties contains the minimum set of medium properties needed in a dynamic control volume model.
Each instance of BaseProperties contains a "state" record that is an input to all the functions to compute properties. If these functions need further inputs, like e.g., the molarMass, these are accessible as constants in the package.
The simplest way to compute properties at any other reference point is to declare an instance of ThermodynamicState and use that as input to arbitrary property functions.

A small library of generic volume, pipe, pump and ambient models is provided in Modelica.Media.Examples.Tests.Components to demonstrate how fluid components should be implemented that are using Modelica.Media models. This library is also used to test all media models in Modelica.Media.Examples.Tests.MediaTestModels.

Extends from Modelica.Icons.ExamplesPackage (Icon for packages containing runnable examples).

Package Content

Name	Description
SimpleLiquidWater	Example for Water.SimpleLiquidWater medium model
IdealGasH2O	IdealGas H20 medium model
WaterIF97	WaterIF97 medium model
MixtureGases	Test gas mixtures
MoistAir	Example for moist air
PsychrometricData	Produces plot data for psychrometric charts
TwoPhaseWater	Extension of the StandardWater package
ReferenceAir	Examples for detailed dry air and moist air medium models
R134a	Examples for R134a
SolveOneNonlinearEquation	Demonstrate how to solve one non-linear algebraic equation in one unknown
Utilities	Functions, connectors and models needed for the media model tests
TestOnly	Examples to show the testing of media
Tests	Library to test that all media models simulate and fulfill the expected structural properties

Modelica.Media.Examples.SimpleLiquidWater

Example for Water.SimpleLiquidWater medium model

Information

Extends from Modelica.Icons.Example (Icon for runnable examples).

Parameters

Name	Description
V	Volume [m3]
H_flow_ext	Constant enthalpy flow rate into the volume [W]

Modelica.Media.Examples.IdealGasH2O

IdealGas H20 medium model

Information

An example for using ideal gas properties and how to compute isentropic enthalpy changes. The function that is implemented is approximate, but usually very good: the second medium record medium2 is given to compare the approximation.

Extends from Modelica.Icons.Example (Icon for runnable examples).

Modelica.Media.Examples.WaterIF97

WaterIF97 medium model

Information

Extends from Modelica.Icons.Example (Icon for runnable examples).

Parameters

Name	Description
dV	Fixed time derivative of volume [m3/s]
m_flow_ext	Fixed mass flow rate into volume [kg/s]
H_flow_ext	Fixed enthalpy flow rate into volume [W]

Modelica.Media.Examples.MixtureGases

Test gas mixtures

Information

Extends from Modelica.Icons.Example (Icon for runnable examples).

Parameters

Name	Description
V	Fixed size of volume 1 and volume 2 [m3]
m_flow_ext	Fixed mass flow rate in to volume 1 and in to volume 2 [kg/s]
H_flow_ext	Fixed enthalpy flow rate in to volume and in to volume 2 [W]

Modelica.Media.Examples.MoistAir

Example for moist air

Information

Extends from Modelica.Icons.Example (Icon for runnable examples).

Parameters

Name	Description
MMx[2]	Vector of molar masses (consisting of dry air and of steam) [kg/mol]

Modelica.Media.Examples.PsychrometricData

Produces plot data for psychrometric charts

Information

This model produces psychrometric data from the moist air model in this library to be plotted in charts. The two most common chart varieties are the Mollier Diagram and the Psychrometric Chart. The first is widely used in some European countries while the second is more common in the Anglo-American world. Specific enthalpy is plotted over absolute humidity in the Mollier Diagram, it is the other way round in the Psychrometric Chart.
It must be noted that the relationship of both axis variables is not right-angled, the absolute humidity follows a slope which equals the enthalpy of vaporization at 0 °C. For better reading and in order to reduce the fog region the humidity axis is rotated to obtain a right-angled plot. Both charts usually contain additional information as isochores or auxiliary scales for e.g., heat ratios. Those information are omitted in this model and the charts below. Other important features of psychrometric chart data are that all mass specific variables (like absolute humidity, specific enthalpy etc.) are expressed in terms of kg dry air and that their baseline of 0 enthalpy is found at 0 °C and zero humidity.

Legend: blue - constant specific enthalpy, red - constant temperature, black - constant relative humidity

The model provides data for lines of constant specific enthalpy, temperature and relative humidity in a Mollier Diagram or Psychrometric Chart as they were used for the figures above. For limitations and ranges of validity please refer to the MoistAir package description. Absolute humidity x is increased with time in this model. The specific enthalpies adjusted for plotting are then obtained from:

y_h: constant specific enthalpy
y_T: constant temperature
y_phi: constant relative humidity

Extends from Modelica.Icons.Example (Icon for runnable examples).

Parameters

Name	Description
p_const	Pressure [Pa]
n_T	Number of isotherms
T_min	Lowest isotherm [K]
T_step	Temperature step between two isotherms [K]
n_h	Number of lines with constant specific enthalpy
h_min	Lowest line of constant enthalpy [J/kg]
h_step	Enthalpy step between two lines of constant enthalpy [J/kg]
n_phi	Number of lines with constant relative humidity
phi_min	Lowest line of constant humidity
phi_step	Step between two lines of constant humidity
x_min	Minimum diagram absolute humidity [1]
x_max	Maximum diagram absolute humidity [1]
t	Simulation time [s]

Automatically generated Thu Dec 19 17:20:13 2019.