Package Modelica.​Magnetic.​FluxTubes.​Examples.​SolenoidActuator.​Components
Components to be used in examples

Information

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Extends from Modelica.​Icons.​Package (Icon for standard packages).

Package Contents

NameDescription
AdvancedSolenoidAdvanced network model of a lifting magnet with planar armature end face, split magnetomotive force
SimpleSolenoidSimple network model of a lifting magnet with planar armature end face

Model Modelica.​Magnetic.​FluxTubes.​Examples.​SolenoidActuator.​Components.​SimpleSolenoid
Simple network model of a lifting magnet with planar armature end face

Information

Please refer to the Parameters section for a schematic drawing of this axis-symmetric lifting magnet. In the half-section below, the flux tube elements of the actuator's magnetic circuit are superimposed on a field plot obtained with FEA. The magnetomotive force imposed by the coil is modelled as one lumped element. As a result, the radial leakage flux between armature and yoke that occurs especially at large working air gaps can not be considered properly. This leads to a a higher total reluctance and lower inductance respectively compared to FEA for large working air gaps (i.e., armature close to x_max). Please have a look at the comments associated with the individual model components for a short explanation of their purpose in the model.

Field lines and assigned flux tubes of the simple solenoid model

The coupling coefficient c_coupl in the coil is set to 1 in this example, since leakage flux is accounted for explicitly with the flux tube element G_mLeakWork. Although this leakage model is rather simple, it describes the reluctance force due to the leakage field sufficiently, especially at large air gaps. With decreasing air gap length, the influence of the leakage flux on the actuator's net reluctance force decreases due to the increasing influence of the main working air gap G_mAirWork.

During model-based actuator design, the radii and lengths of the flux tube elements (and hence their cross-sectional areas and flux densities) should be assigned with parametric equations so that common design rules are met (e.g., allowed flux density in ferromagnetic parts, allowed current density and required cross-sectional area of winding). For simplicity, those equations are omitted in the example. Instead, the found values are assigned to the model elements directly.

Parameters

TypeNameDefaultDescription
ResistanceR10Armature coil resistance
RealN957Number of turns
Radiusr_yokeOut0.015Outer yoke radius
Radiusr_yokeIn0.0135Inner yoke radius
Lengthl_yoke0.035Axial yoke length
Lengtht_yokeBot0.0035Axial thickness of yoke bottom
Lengthl_pole0.0065Axial length of pole
Lengtht_poleBot0.0035Axial thickness of bottom at pole side
Lengtht_airPar6.5e-4Radial thickness of parasitic air gap due to slide guiding
BaseDatamaterialMaterial.SoftMagnetic.Steel.Steel_9SMnPb28()Ferromagnetic material characteristics
Radiusr_arm0.005Armature radius = pole radius
Lengthl_arm0.026Armature length
TranslationalSpringConstantc1e+11Spring stiffness between impact partners
TranslationalDampingConstantd400Damping coefficient between impact partners
Positionx_min2.5e-4Stopper at minimum armature position
Positionx_max0.005Stopper at maximum armature position

Connectors

TypeNameDescription
PositivePinpElectrical connector
NegativePinnElectrical connector
Flange_bflangeFlange of component

Model Modelica.​Magnetic.​FluxTubes.​Examples.​SolenoidActuator.​Components.​AdvancedSolenoid
Advanced network model of a lifting magnet with planar armature end face, split magnetomotive force

Information

Please have a look at SimpleSolenoid for a general description of this actuator. Unlike in that simple magnetic network model, the coil is split into two lumped elements here. This enables for more realistic modelling of the radial leakage flux between armature and yoke (leakage permeance G_mLeakRad). Especially for large air gaps, the influence of this leakage flux on the actuator's inductance and its electromagnetic force is rather strong. Please have a look at ComparisonQuasiStationary for a comparison of both models with FEA-based results included as reference.

Assigned flux tubes and field plot of the solenoid actuator

The parasitic capacitances c_par1 and c_par2 across both partial coils assure that the voltages across these coils are well-defined during simulation.

Parameters

TypeNameDefaultDescription
RealN957Number of turns
ResistanceR5Coil resistance
ResistanceR_par100000Resistance parallel to the coil, in series to C_par
CapacitanceC_par1e-9Capacitance parallel to the coil, in series to R_par
Radiusr_yokeOut0.015Outer yoke radius
Radiusr_yokeIn0.0135Inner yoke radius
Lengthl_yoke0.035Axial yoke length
Lengtht_yokeBot0.0035Axial thickness of yoke bottom
Lengthl_pole0.0065Axial length of pole
Lengtht_poleBot0.0035Axial thickness of bottom at pole side
Lengtht_airPar6.5e-4Radial thickness of parasitic air gap due to slide guiding
BaseDatamaterialMaterial.SoftMagnetic.Steel.Steel_9SMnPb28()Ferromagnetic material characteristics
Radiusr_arm0.005Armature radius = pole radius
Lengthl_arm0.026Armature length
TranslationalSpringConstantc1e+11Spring stiffness between impact partners
TranslationalDampingConstantd400Damping coefficient between impact partners
Positionx_min2.5e-4Stopper at minimum armature position
Positionx_max0.005Stopper at maximum armature position

Connectors

TypeNameDescription
PositivePinpElectrical connector
NegativePinnElectrical connector
Flange_bflangeFlange of component

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