Version 1.1, 2009-06-21
The Modelica_Fluid library (revisionId = r2625) was included as
Modelica.Fluid in the Modelica Standard Library 3.1.
Version 1.0, 2009-01-28
Modelica_Fluid was refactored and finalized for the release:
- Refactoring of the code
This became necessary as the previous release Modelica.Fluid
Streams Beta3 still reflected the long development history, while
the basic concepts had been crystallized. Please consult the
subversion control (SVN) logs for individual changes.
- Device oriented package names
The former sub-packages Junctions and PressureLosses have been
combined into the new subpackage Fittings. The former Pumps and
Volumes.SweptVolume have become the initial version of fluid
Machines. The former Volumes package is now called Vessels.
- Complete implementation of one-dimensional fluid flow
The balance equations as documented in
UsersGuide.ComponentDefinition.BalanceEquations are now
completely implemented. The implementations with generic boundary
flow and source terms find in:
Specific models combine the balances and define the boundary flow
and source terms as appropriate. For instance
All non-trivial mass and energy balances of Vessels, Machines and
Fittings have been replaced with PartialLumpedVolume. The mass and
energy balances of Pipes are based on
PartialDistributedVolume.
See Examples.BranchingDynamicPipes
for an example utilizing the complete balance equations.
- New approach for the connection of distributed flow
models
The staggered grid approach offers different choices for the
connection approach. So far the preferred modeling was to put full
mass balances into the pipes and expose half momentum balances
through the ports (ModelStructure a_v_b). This resulted in
nonlinear equation systems for pressure/flow correlations in
connection sets. A new default ModelStructure av_vb has been
introduced putting full momentum balances into the models and
exposing half mass balances through the ports (av_vb replaces the
former avb). This way the nonlinear equation systems are avoided.
High-index DAEs need to be treated instead in connection sets.
Alternatively a Fitting like SuddenExpansion can be introduced to
account for different cross flow areas of connected flow
models.
- New Vessels.BaseClasses.PartialLumpedVessel treating the ports,
including hydraulic resistances, for ClosedVolume, SimpleTank and
SweptVolume.
- Clarification of modeling assumptions
The documentation has been extended to better explain the modeling
assumptions made. In particular the section
UsersGuide.ComponentDefinition.FluidConnectors now makes clear
that the ports represent the thermodynamic enthalpy, as opposed to
stagnation enthalpy, and thermodynamic or static pressure, as
opposed to total pressure. An new package Explanatory has been
added to the examples to show the difference between static
pressure and total pressure and possible implications. See
Examples.Explanatory.MomentumBalanceFittings.
- System (former Ambient)
The use of the global System object has been extended towards
common default values for modeling assumptions, initialization, and
advanced settings that are different for each application of the
library but should nevertheless provide default values for reasons
of convenience. In particular steady-state initialization and
complete steady-state simulation can now be specified system-wide.
A new Types.Init.Dynamics has been introduced, combining
steady-state and initial conditions. The former Types.Init has
become obsolete.
See Examples.HeatingSystem
- Extension of pumps for better consideration of zero flow and
heat transfer with environment
The simplified mass and energy balances have been replaced with a
rigorous formulation. Moreover an optional heat transfer model can
be configured for heat exchanged with the environment or the
housing.
See Machines.BaseClasses.PartialPump
- Refinement of valves for flow reversal
All valves now use upstream discretization for reversing flow
conditions.
- Finalization of trace substances
Modelica.Fluid now provides a sound implementation for trace
substances, which can easily be added to existing Media models, in
order to study their evolution in a fluid system.
See
Examples.TraceSubstances.RoomCO2WithControls
- Vectorized ports for volumes
The ports of models that typically have large volumes, like Vessels
and Sources, have been vectorized. Formerly the connection of
multiple flow models to the same port of such volume models
resulted in unintended mixing equations for stream variables in
connection sets outside the volumes. The mixing takes place inside
the volumes when using multiple ports. Moreover a Fittings.MultiPort
has been introduced. It can be attached to components like pipes,
which do not have vectorized ports on their own.
- Inverse parameterization of flow models with nominal
operational conditions
Flow models have been added or extended to support the
parameterization with nominal values (Machines.ControlledPump,
Orifices.SimpleGenericOrifice,
Pipes.BaseClasses.FlowModels.NominalTurbulentFlow). They are
intended for early phases of system modeling, if geometries and
flow characteristics are of secondary interest. As these models use
the same interfaces, base classes and naming conventions, they can
easily be replaced with more detailed models as more information
shall be taken into account later on.
See Examples.InverseParameterization
- Replaceable HeatTransfer models
The Vessels and the Machines now have replaceable HeatTransfer
models, besides the Pipes. All HeatTransfer models are optional.
The heat transfer models are parameterized with the Medium and the
ThermodynamicState of involved flow segments.
See Interfaces.PartialHeatTransfer.
- All examples are working now (using Dymola 7.1).
The number of examples has been extended with the former critical
test cases HeatingSystem and IncompressibleFluidNetwork. Moreover
the HeatExchangers have been moved into Examples.
Version 1.0 Streams Beta 3, 2008-10-12
Modelica.Fluid was further improved:
- Volumes, tanks, junctions
Added asserts to require that ports are connected at most once. If
a user would perform more than one connection, ideal mixing takes
place for the connected components and this is nearly never what
the user would like to have
- Ambient
Renamed Ambient to System, including adaptation of models.
Introduced default values system.flowDirection and as a comment
system.initType. system.flowDirection is used in two port
components as default.
- GenericJunction
Corrected specification of flowDirection.
Added a HeatPort.
- PartialDistributedFlow models
Adapted determination of velocities to usage of upstream properties
at ports.
Corrected and unified initialization of p_start[*] values.
- DistributedPipe models
Changed treatment of port densities and viscosities to the
treatment of the lumped pipe model. This way events are avoided if
the mass flow rate crosses or approaches zero.
Correct determination of Reynolds numbers.
Added test model DistributedPipeClosingValve.
- ControlValves
Changed flowCharacteristic into valveCharacteristic
Removed parameter Kv and added dp_nom, m_flow_nom from linear and
discrete valve interfaces. Added test cases.
Adapted Examples to new LinearValve and DiscreteValve, using
nominal values instead of Kv.
Changed default flow coefficient selection to OpPoint
- Fixed units for Kv and Cv in control valve models.
- Updated tests for valves.
- Bug in Modelica.Fluid.Test.TestComponents.Pumps.TestWaterPump2
corrected (complicated redeclaration issue).
- Adapted AST_BatchPlant so that "Check" is successful.
Simulation fails after 600 s.
- Introduced density_pTX(Medium.p_default, Medium.T_default,
Medium.X_default) as default value for nominal densities
(previously it was a literal such as 1000).
- Pumps
Updated energy balance equations for pumps (no division by zero
anymore, fixed several bugs related to Np).
Added two more test cases for pumps.
Fixed pump initialization options.
- PartialPump
Explanation for the energy balanced added as comment
"h=0" replaced by "h=Medium.h_default" since otherwise an assert is
triggered if "h=0" is not in the medium range.
Fluid ports positioned in the middle line and using the same size
as for all other components.
- Pumps.Pump
Resized input connector, so that it has the same size as the
standard input connectors.
Changed icon text to input connector to "N_in [rpm]".
Added unit rev/min to the external and internal input
connector.
- PartialValve
fillcolor=white added to icon
made line Thickness = Single, since icon does not look nice
sometimes
- All components
Changed %name color from black to blue (is a conversion bug, since
Modelica 2 has blue as default color whereas Modelica 3 has black
and Dymola is not taking care off this).
- Sources
Made icon elements invisible, if corresponding input is
disabled.
- Valves, Pipes, PressureLosses, HeatExchangers, two port
senors
Added an arrow in the icon for the "design flow direction" from
port_a to port_b.
- Moved default initialization in "System" in to a comment, since
no effect yet
- Added the explanation from Francesco for Kv, Cv for valves in
the User's Guide and added links in the corresponding valves to
this description
"Check" for the library is successful. "Check with Simulation"
(i.e., simulating all test models in the library) is successful
with the exceptions:
- Examples.AST_BatchPlant.BatchPlant_StandardWater
Need to be fixed in a later release (requires quite a lot of
work).
- Test.TestOverdeterminedSteadyStateInit.Test5
Test.TestOverdeterminedSteadyStateInit.Test6
These are test cases where too much initial conditions are given.
The goal is to work on methods how this can be handled. So, this is
a principal problem that these models do not simulate.
Version 1.0 Streams Beta 2, 2008-10-08
Modelica.Fluid was transformed to Modelica 3 and to Modelica
Standard library 3.0 (by automatic conversion). Further
changes:
- Emulated enumerations changed to real enumerations.
- Improved ControlValves code
- Introduced stream connectors with stream keyword (was
previously an annotation)
- Introduced inStream() instead of inflow()
- Introduced m_flow*actualStream(h_outflow) instead of
streamFlow() or semiLinear(m_flow, inStream(h_outflow),
medium.h)
- Removed Modelica.Fluid.Media and all references to it (since
now available in Modelica.Media of MSL3.0).
- Fixed PartialLumpedVolume for media with multiple
substances
- New function "Utilities.RegFun3" for regularization with static
head
- Fix density in static head models with the new RegFun3
functions (ticket 7)
- Minor bug in MixingVolume corrected:
V_lumped and Wb_flow have been set as modifiers when extending from
PartialLumpedVolume, although they are not declared as input. This
is not allowed in Modelica 3. Fixed by replacing the modifiers by
equations.
- Modelica.Fluid.Sources.FixedBoundary
Introduced p_default, T_default, h_default as default values, since
otherwise warnings will always be printed because parameter value
is missing.
- Modelica.Fluid.Sources.Boundary_pT
Modelica.Fluid.Sources.Boundary_ph
Modelica.Fluid.Sources.MassFlowSource_T
Changed default values of parameters reference_p, reference_T to
p_default, T_default (some have been xx_default, some reference_xx,
it seems best to always use the same approach)
- Modelica.Fluid.Pipes.BaseClasses.PartialDistributedFlow
Added default value for parameter "rho_nominal" =
Medium.density_pTX(Medium.p_default, Medium.T_default,
Medium.X_default) in order to avoid unnecessary warning messages.
Should be replaced by "Medium.rho_default", once available.
- Modelica.Fluid.Pipes.DistributedPipe
Modelica.Fluid.Pipes.DistributedPipeSb
Modelica.Fluid.Pipes.DistributedPipeSa
Added default value for parameter "mu_nominal" (computed with
default values of p,T,X from dynamicViscosity(..))
-
Modelica.Fluid.Pipes.BaseClasses.PartialDistributedFlowLumpedPressure
Replaced default value "rho_nominal=0.01" by
Medium.density_pTX(Medium.p_default, Medium.T_default,
Medium.X_default)
- Modelica.Fluid.Volumes.OpenTank
Modelica.Fluid.Volumes.Tank
Corrected icons of ports (wrongly sized by automatic conversion
from Modelica 2 to Modelica 3).
- Examples.BranchingDistributedPipes
Modelica.Fluid.Test.TestComponents.Junctions.TestGenericJunction
Modelica.Fluid.Test.TestComponents.Pipes.TestDistributedPipe01
Parameters dp_nom, m_flow_nom are not defined in junction
components. Values provided.
- PressureLosses.BaseClasses.QuadraticTurbulent.BaseModel
No default or start values for "parameter LossFactorData data"
Changed the model to "partial model" to avoid warning messages
Version 1.0 Streams Beta 1, 2008-05-02
Changed connectors to stream connectors and adapted the
following sublibraries:
- Volumes
- PressureLosses
- Sensors
- Sources
- ControlValves
- HeatExchangers
- Junctions
- Pipes
- Pumps
- Test and Examples (most of the examples and tests are
simulating)
Other changes:
- Introduced HeatPorts with vectorized icon in
Modelica.Fluid.Interfaces
- Deleted Modelica.Fluid.WorkInProgress since it seems to be too
much work to convert it to stream connectors
- Added Modelica.Fluid.Media (contains ConstantLiquidWater medium
because functions are missing in Modelica.Media)
- Added two additional test cases with LumpedPipes (to identify
problems with hierarchically connected stream connectors).
- Deleted TestPortVolumes since PortVolumes can no longer be
implemented with stream connectors
- Leakage flow introduced for valves
- DrumBoiler Example corrected
- Regularization for sensors (T,h,...), in order that no
discontinuity for bi-directional flow
- Density computation in static head corrected
- New functions Utilities.regUnitStep, regStep
- New components
(TestComponents.Sensors.TestOnePortSensors1/.TestOnePortSensors2l,
TestRegStep)
- PartialTwoPortTransport
- Introduced port_a.T, port_b.T (for plotting)
- Removed initialization menu
- Introduced dp_start, m_flow_start
- Removed previous start values of PartialTwoPortTransport in all
models
- PartialPump: Removed p_nom, since no longer needed (only
dp_nom)
- Made "%name" in the icons of all components unified (and better
looking)
- Changed default value of leakage flow of valves to zero.
- Fixed Modelica.Fluid.Junctions.MassFlowRatio so that it
compiles (inflow(..) currently only supported for scalars, not for
vectors)
- Added script libraryinfo.mos, in order that Modelica.Fluid
appears in the Dymola library window automatically (provided
library is in MODELICAPATH)
- Replaced semiLinear(..) by streamFlow(..) (not yet at all
places)
- Introduced check-boxes in parameter menu of Sources (is more
convenient to use)
- TwoPortTransport
Computation of V_flow and optionally port_a_T, port_b_T. Error in
temperature calculation corrected
- Tank:
Default of bottom pipe diameter changed from 0 to 0.1, since
otherwise a division by zero (if not connected and not
changed).
- Modelica.Fluid.ControlValves.ValveVaporizing:
Due to changes in PartialTwoPortTransport, port_a_T_inflow does no
longer exist and the usage to it is removed.
-
Modelica.Fluid.Test.TestComponents.Sensors.TestTemperatureSensor:
Due to changes in PartialTwoPortTransport, p_start does no longer
exist and the usage to it is removed.
- VersionBuild introduced, as well as automatic update of
VersionBuild/VersionDate
Version 1.0 Beta 4, 2008-04-26
Changes according to the Modelica Design Meetings since the last
beta version. This version is used to "freeze" the current
development, in order to change to a version with a new connector
design using stream variables.
Version 1.0 Beta 3, 2007-06-05
Changes according to the Modelica Design Meetings since the
Modelica'2006 conference, especially, improved initialization,
changed Source components (input connectors must be enabled),
improved tank component, moved test models from Examples to new
package Test, many more test models, etc. This version is slightly
non-backward compatible to version 1.0 Beta 2.
Version 1.0 Beta 2, 2006-08-28
Package considerably restructured and some new components added.
New examples (ControlledTankSystem, AST_BatchPlant).
Version 0.96, 2006-01-08
- New package Modelica.Fluid.PressureLosses.
- New package Modelica.Fluid.WorkInProgress.
- New components in Modelica.Fluid.Components:
ShortPipe, OpenTank, ValveDiscrete, StaticHead.
- New components in Modelica.Fluid.Examples.
- Improved users guide.
Version 0.910, 2005-10-25
- Changes as decided on 41th-45th Modelica Design Meetings
(details, see minutes).
Version 0.900, 2004-10-18
- Changes as decided on 40th Modelica Design Meeting in Dresden
(see also minutes)
Version 0.794, 2004-05-31
- Sensors.mo, Examples/DrumBoiler.mo: extend sensors with user
choice for measurement unit.
- Components.mo, Types.mo: moved components and types to package
Examples.
- Moved Examples from file
Modelica.Fluid/package.mo to Modelica.Media/Examples
subdirectory and created separate file per
sub-package. This shall simplify the maintenance of examples by
different authors
- Moved Interfaces from file Modelica.Fluid/package.mo to
Modelica.Fluid/Interfaces.mo
Version 0.793, 2004-05-18
- Removed "semiLinear" function since available as Modelica 2.1
built-in operator in Dymola.
- Minor bug in "Components.ShortPipe" corrected.
- Bug in "Components.Orifice" corrected (dp was previously
calculated in Interfaces.PartialTwoPortTransport, but this was
removed and not updated in Orifice).
Version 0.792, 2003-11-07
This is the first consolidated version made up from several
changes for Modelica'2003. Modelica.Fluid is still quite far away
from a library that could be included in the Modelica standard
library.
Previous Releases
- Oct., 2003
by Martin Otter: Adapted to latest design of the Modelica.Media
library.
by Rüdiger Franke: Included sensor components and
Modelica.Fluid.Examples.DrumBoiler example.
- Sept., 2003
by Martin Otter: Changes according to the decisions of the Modelica
design meeting in Dearborn, Sept. 2-4, 2003. Fluid library split
into two packages: Modelica.Media that contains the media models
and Modelica.Fluid that contains fluid flow components.
Modelica.Media is independent of Modelica.Fluid and my be used also
from other packages that may have a different design as
Modelica.Fluid.
- Aug., 2003
by Martin Otter: Improved documentation, PortVicinity (now called
semiLinear) manually expanded, two different volume types, replaced
number of massFractions from n to n-1 in order that usage of model
for single substances is easier and in order that no special cases
have to be treated in the equations (previously the massFraction
equations had to be removed for single substance flow; now they are
removed automatically, since the dimensions are zero, and not one
as previously), included asserts to check the validity of the
medium models, included the dynamic viscosity in the medium models,
adapted the examples and medium models to the changes in
Interfaces, improved menus according to the new features in Dymola
5.1. Added "Components.ShortPipe" that contains a detailed model of
the frictional losses in pipes over a very wide range.
- Feb., 2003
by Martin Otter: Included several elementary components and a model
for moist air. Some elementary components, such as FixedAmbient,
are adapted versions from the SimpleFlow fluid library of Anton
Haumer.
- Dec., 2002
by Hubertus Tummescheit: Improved version of the high precision
water model (Copy from ThermoFluid library, code reorganization,
enhanced documentation, additional functions).
- Nov. 30, 2002
by Martin Otter: Improved the design from the design meeting:
Adapted to Modelica standard library 1.5, added
"choicesAllMatching=true" annotation, added short documentation to
"Interfaces", added packages "Examples" and "Media" (previously
called "Properties") from previous versions and adapted them to the
updated "Interfaces" package.
- Nov. 20-21, 2002
by Hilding Elmqvist, Mike Tiller, Allan Watson, John Batteh, Chuck
Newman, Jonas Eborn: Improved at the 32nd Modelica Design
Meeting.
- Nov. 11, 2002
by Hilding Elmqvist, Martin Otter: improved version.
- Nov. 6, 2002
by Hilding Elmqvist: first version of the basic design.
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